The sewage pumps can be categorized into five main types based on their structure, operating principle, and application scenarios: submersible, in-line, self-priming, vertical, and horizontal. Key differences lie in installation methods, media handling capacity, and applicable environments.
1.1 Structure Types and Installation Features
1.1.1 Submersible Sewage Pumps: These pumps operate completely submerged in the liquid and utilize an automatic coupling mechanism for installation. They are suitable for space-constrained sewage tanks or rainwater collection systems. Features include a non-clogging impeller design, a cutting/splitting function (for handling fibers and solid particles), and a motor with a double mechanical seal to prevent leakage.
1.1.2 In-line Sewage Pumps: These pumps have co-located inlets and outlets (left inlet, right outlet), allowing them to be connected directly in series in pipelines for pressurized delivery. Typical models include the PW and PWL series, with flow rates of 43 to 700 m³/h and lifts of 9.5 to 34 meters. They utilize a volute pressurized chamber or guide vane design and are suitable for medium- to high-load applications in municipal wastewater treatment plants.
1.1.3 Self-Priming Sewage Pump: This pump is installed on land and features a self-priming capacity of 6-80 meters. It can be started without priming. Its advantages include easy maintenance and the elimination of mechanical seal leakage. It is suitable for temporary drainage or industrial wastewater containing gaseous impurities.
1.2 Differences in Media Handling Capacity
1.2.1 Open/Semi-Open Impeller: This impeller is easy to clear blockages but has lower efficiency (approximately 92% of a closed impeller). It is suitable for wastewater containing soft impurities.
1.2.2 Swirl Impeller: This impeller uses centrifugal force to separate solid particles, allowing passage of solids up to 120mm in diameter. It has excellent wear resistance but is only 70% of the efficiency of a closed impeller.
1.2.3 Cutting Impeller: This impeller has integrated carbide blades to shred fibers and plastics. It is commonly found in WQ submersible sewage pumps.
1.3 Adaptability to Special Scenarios
1.3.1 Vertical Sewage Pump: Available in submersible long-shaft and land-mounted models, with adjustable outlet direction, suitable for deep wells or underground sewage treatment facilities. Bearing temperature must be monitored regularly (≤80°C) and lubricant must be replaced every 500 hours.
1.3.2 Horizontal Sewage Pump: The direct-connect design reduces transmission components, resulting in noise levels below 65dB and a power rating of 15-75kW. It is suitable for vibration-sensitive environments such as chemical plants.
