1. High-Iron and Manganese Mine Water: Iron and manganese mine water in coal mines is mainly formed by the infiltration of iron and manganese-bearing groundwater from the strata. The iron and manganese in the mine water exist in the form of divalent iron or divalent manganese. Due to the effects
1. Drinking water treatment generally involves purification, chlorination, and sometimes the addition of fluoridation agents. Treated water is collected by gravity or pumping into reservoirs and distributed through water towers or surface facilities. After use, the wastewater is typically discharged into the sewer system and treated at sewage treatment plants
（I）Membrane surface pollution and blockage 1. Organic pollution Cause: A large amount of organic matter contained in wastewater, such as protein, oil, polysaccharide, etc., is adsorbed and deposited on the membrane surface to form an organic film. These organic substances have strong adhesion and are easy to combine with microbial
As the global water shortage problem intensifies, seawater desalination, as an open source incremental technology, has received increasing attention. Seawater desalination is the use of seawater desalination to produce fresh water, which can increase the total amount of fresh water and is not affected by time, space and climate. The